Systematics and Biogeography — DU B.Sc. (Hons.) Environmental Science Previous Year Question Papers

- Core a)SCC-10) (b) Explain how cytology, phytochemistry and molecular methods provide evidence for classification. (5) 2. Differentiate between the following : (5x3=15) (a) Typological species concept and evolutionary species concept. (b) Bentham and Hooker classification and APG Ill classification. (c) Monophyly and polyphyly. 3. Write short notes on the following : (31/4x4=15) (a) International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (b) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (c) Names of hybrids (d) Rejection of names 4. (a)Explain rooted, unrooted and ultrametric phylogenetic trees. (8) (b) Discuss the significance of cladograms in reconstructing evolutionary relationships.. (7) 5. (a) Explain Gloger's rule, Bergmann's rule, Allen's rule and Geist rule. (8) (b) Apply these rules to explain variation in body colour, body size and appendage size among animals of different climatic regions. (7) 6. Discuss the types and processes of speciation with reference to allopatric, parapatric and sympatric speciation, adaptive. radiation, ecological diversification, convergent evolution and parallel evolution. (15)