Plant Biotechnology: Concepts and Applications — DU B.Sc. (Prog.) Applied Life Sciences with Agrochemicals and Pest Management pertaining to Botany Previous Year Question Papers

2. Attempt FOUR questions in all. 5. Draw well-labelled diagrams wherever necessary. 1. (a) Fill in the blanks (any five) (5x1=5) (i) Blue biotechnology focuses on applications derived from organisms and aquatic environments. (i) The process of infroducing foreign DNA into a host cell is called in bacteria, and - in the eukaryotes. (iii) CRISPR-Cas9 is a modern gene-editing tool derived from the immune system of (v) Southern blotting is used to detect specific _ sequences, while Northern blotting detects (vi) are the world's first commercially available genetically modified flowers, developed by Florigene. (a) Match the following (any five) (5x1=5) Column A Column B (a) Bt-cotton i delaying fruit softening (b) Glyphosate ii. Tissue culture (d) Restriction enzymes iv. Broad-spectrum herbicide that inhibits the EPSPS enzyme (e) Beta-carotene biosynthesis v. cry gene genes in Golden Rice (f) Ex-plant vi. Molecular scissors (c) Expand the following (any five) (5x1=5) (iii) ABA 2. Differentiate between the following (any three) (3×5=15) (a) Alkaline phosphatase and polynucleotide kinase (b) Linker and Adapter (c) Classical Biotechnology and Modern Biotechnology (d) Prokaryotic and Eukaryotie vectors 3. Write short notes on the following (any three) (3×5=15) (b) Transgenic crops and their biosafety (c) Artificial seed (d) Enzymes used in cloning Answer the following : (2x7.5=15) (a) Define recombinant DNA technology. Describe steps in detail in the construction of recombinant DNA and its introduction into host organism. What are the essential tools used in this process. (b) Explain protoplast isolation, culture, and fusion in plants, and their role in plant biotechnology and crop improvement. 5. Answer the following : (2x7.5=15) (a) Explain, in detail the various methods of gene transfer to plants. (b) What is nutrient medium? Explain the functions of mineral nutrients, vitamins, and hormones used in a nutrient medium.