Toxic Substances and Human Health — DU B. Sc. (Hons) Biomedical Previous Year Question Papers

Attempt five questions in all. Attempt subparts of a question together. Q2. Explain the mechanism of toxicity of (Any Four) (4x4=16) (a) Sodium Hypochlorite (d) Ethylene glycol Q3. Write a short note on (Any four) (4x4=16) (a) Dose-Response Relationship (b) First Pass Metabolism (c) Selective Toxicity (d) Minamata disease (e) Xenobiotic Transporters Q4. (a) Describe the mechanisms by which drugs induce toxicity at both therapeutic and overdose levels, providing appropriate examples. (8) (b) Discuss the adverse health impacts of artificial food additives such as sweeteners, preservatives, and coloring agents, including specific examples. (8) Q5. (a) Discuss the classification of toxicants based on their sources, exposure routes, and effects on biological systems. (8) (b) Explain the health risks of exposure to heavy metals like lead and cadmium in cosmetics and their potential effects on the human body. (8) Q6. (a) How do the kidneys contribute to eliminating toxic substances from the body? Explain the impact of urine pH on the excretion of weak acids and bases. (8) (b) Discuss the role of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SOz) in environmental pollution. How do these gases contribute to acid rain and what are their toxic effects on human health? (8)